Wednesday, May 21, 2025
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Release: Andromeda - v1.9.6

1 · Why Andromeda?

The pre-Andromeda design traded a second “confirmation” block for safety. That safety came at a cost: >12 s finality, leader-centric risks, slower cross-shard flows and heavyweight cross-chain proofs. Andromeda removes those bottlenecks without sacrificing Byzantine-fault tolerance. MultiversX Agora

2 · What changes exactly?

Area Before After Andromeda Impact
Finality Needs extra confirmation block Block is final once consensus proof exists 3× faster finality
Consensus group 63 / 400 validators sign on execution shards All 400 sign Single-round majority, stronger security, fairer rewards
Equivocation Possible if proposer aggregates conflicting signatures Any node can finalise (Equivalent Consensus Proofs) Zero equivocation, no single-point-of-failure
Cross-shard tx >6 blocks, ~45 s path 3 blocks, 18 s path >2× faster cross-shard execution
Cross-chain proofs Validator subset + shuffle metadata every block Fixed 400-validator set per epoch Proofs smaller, verification simpler

3 ·  What do builders & dApp teams need to check?

  • Cross-shard assumptions – update any hard-coded 6-block flows to 3-block logic.
  • Proof-verifiers – external bridges/oracles can drop the confirmation-block check and use the new fixed validator-set proofs.
  • Monitoring/analytics – expect half the finality time and a higher signature count per block (400 sigs).

Governance Vote Results

The Andromeda v1.9 Release has successfully passed its governance vote. The vote, which ran from March 28th to April 7th, resulted in a decisive 99.69% voting in favor of the upgrade, with 0.12% against and 0.19% abstaining. The entire discourse surrounding the release took place off-chain on Agora, and can be reviewed here.

Activation epoch

Andromeda Release is scheduled to be activated starting with epoch 1763, anticipated on May 28th, 2025, around 17:00 UTC.

Github Full binary release notes: https://github.com/multiversx/mx-chain-go/releases/tag/v1.9.6

Mainnet Config: https://github.com/multiversx/mx-chain-mainnet-config/releases/tag/v1.9.6.0

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